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Sunday, 10 November 2024

Heartbreaking the Worst Company in the World (Allegedly) Just Made an Excellent Point

 

 

I'll say this for the anonymous artist who worked on this advertising material for the Grumman industrial concern, they did an excellent job with positioning and space.

When I share material older than 1925 I often get asked how it's in the public domain, in this case despite being published material there is no copyright notice present, which was mandated by the US copyright laws at the time.

I'm no fan of the arms industry, in fact over ten years ago I walked away from my plans to pursue a career within it after leaving University. So, its with great frustration that I have to concede that this poster from the 1970s is making an excellent point. The idea behind this buy F-14s advertisement is a concept known as the Security Dilemma, its the major factor for why most nations around the globe spend heavily on defence and offense capabilities, and also how large and well equipped militaries do not in fact lead to a peaceful world by themselves.

The simplest way to think of the Security Dilemma is in the type of scenario presented by this poster, 

  1. Cruise Missiles exist and Nation A is building them
  2. Nation B sees a potential threat in Nation As Missile capabilities
  3. The threat is not deemed serious right now as relations between the two are overall healthy
  4. But can the leadership of Nation B guarantee that will always be the case?
  5. Nation B decides to look for a counter measure, Grumman offers the F-14
  6. Nation A sees the spending on the F-14 program and its counter missile capabilities
  7. Nation As leadership is concerned that its Defence policy is now compromised as it relied on its missile capabilities.
  8. Nation A looks for ways to counter or by pass the F-14.
  9. Nation B sees the expanded military investments of Nation A and becomes concerned, also starts to invest in further weapons programs.
  10. Relations start to deteriorate and tensions continue to rise
  11. War
     

There's more to international relations than this mechanistic cycle, but it is still an important part of the logic of militarisation. The lack of attention to the Security Dilemma is a major weakness of the pacifist and anti-militarist movements. Much of their argumentation relies on moral arguments, which is understandable, the moral implications of institutions and industries dedicated to the killing of over human beings are as obvious as they are horrific, but this overfocus constrains these movements and limits their potential audiences and strategies of resistance.

They're also heavily constrained by context, I remember the anti-war movements in the UK and Western Europe in the 2000s, they were large and popular since the types of conflicts the UK, France and NATO were involving themselves in were far away and often under the initiatives of their governments. These conflicts were widely seen as aggressive on "Our" part, or at least an overreaction. During the 2010s and especially after 2022 the atmosphere has radically changed and support for military action and spending is much more popular and resistance to it the more marginal. Why? Well now we're all reminded that the "West" is not the sole purveyor of armed strife and repression, their are other powers in the world just as willing and capable of resorting to mass destruction to get their way. Opposing BAE Systems was easy when the news was full of the destruction wrought on Baghdad, its much less so now that the news is full of Russian strikes on hospitals and schools and the ruin of Bakhmut. 

The Security Dilemma is also the main reason why the previously somewhat sucessful strategy of partial demilitarisation won't work in the long run. The organised anti-war movement was somewhat sucessful in getting specific types of weapons of destruction to be seen as taboo and were able to leverage the outrage and disgust over them to get some states to adopt laws and subscribe to treaties that would phase out parts of their stockpiles. Land Mines, Cluster munitions and multiple types of chemical and biological weapons and some Nuclear munitions were after years of blood, sweat and tears from millions of passionate campaigners starting to look like endangered species. But now much of that work may well be undone as recent conflicts demonstrate to all the powers that these horrific tools do have practical applications.

In Syria Assad's regime used chemical weapons to break an rebellion that may well have toppled him. He also heavily relied on aviatian, artillery and Iranian and Russian support but the case studies he ran using Chlorine shells will prove useful in certain circles. The war in Ukraine fought between two nations which have not outlawed Cluster munitions or land mines have demonstrated how militarily useful both can be in certain conflict scenarios. When the United States of America which also has not subscribed to the ban on Cluster munitions started supplying Ukraine with some of its stockpiles the leaders of the governments in Western Europe were grilled quite heavily about the issue for a week. They all just reiterated their official opposition to these weapons and then concluded they could do nothing about it.

The only way to solve the Security Dilemma is to take an approach at the root of the issue. Banning F-14s and their equivalents globally won't effect Cruise Missiles, getting Cruise Missiles scrapped won't touch Tanks or Mortars, nor stop the logic that drives businesses to operate in the arms markets, nor states from investing and supporting these companies and the wider market. If we ever genuinely want to see a world free of F-14s, SU-34s, Elbit produced Drones, AK-47s, Challenger 2s, Mirage Fighter Jets and Scud Missiles, we need to attack their support structure.

The military industrial complex and its ancestors have always been extremely resource intensive and required decades of support and investment to bare fruit. Without the capitalist market and the State system they will not be sustainable. If humanity truly is doomed by nature to a cycle of fratricidal violence (which is not what I believe but others apparently do) than by taking away his toys and the workshops that build those toys will prevent the worst excessises of that nature. Anti-Militarism without a Materialist strategy for resistance will be doomed to ultimate failure.
 

Thursday, 7 November 2024

1984: Miners Picket of Polish Consulate

 


SOLIDARNOSC (Solidarity)

PICKET OF POLISH CONSULATE:
(BUCKINGHAM TERRACE; CORNER OF GREAT WESTERN ROAD AND QUEEN MARGARET DRIVE)
(NEAREST UNDERGROUND: HILLHEAD)

 

END THE STRIKE-BREAKING POLISH COAL EXPORTS!

END THE SUPPRESSION OF FREE TRADE UNIONISM IN POLAND!

WEDNESDAY,  24TH OCTOBER, 5.30PM - 6.30 PM

SPONSORED BY (to date) 

Glasgow Polish Solidarity Committee; Castlemilk Miners Support Committee; Glasgow University Miners Support Committee; Glasgow University (Students) Miners Support Committee; Muirkirk Strike Committee (Ayrshire); Pollock Constituency Labour Party; Cathcart Constituency Labour Party; Stirling Constituency Labour Party; Queen's Park/Crosshill Labour Party; Glasgow University Labour Club; Glasgow District Labour Councillors; Jim Craigen MP; John Maxton MP; Denis Canavan MP; `Critique` Editorial Board; Stuart McLennan (CPSA National Executive Committee); Carol Thomson (Society of Civil and Public Servants, DHSS West of Scotland branch editor); Davey Graham (TGWU branch secretary, Newlands Bus Garage); Rowland Sheret (Chairperson, Stirling Trades Council); Alan Pow (Secretary, Stirling Trades Council); Hamilton CLP.

(All individuals in personal capacity)

At a time when the entire Labour and trade union movement is rallying to the support of the miners, exports of coal from Poland to this country have rocketed and are now running at 316% of their normal level. This is a major boost for the Tories' strike-breaking efforts. 

Solidarnosc, on the other hand, the free trade union banned by the Polish government in the name of `socialism`, has repeatedly expressed its support for the striking miners in its underground radio broadcasts and official statements.

Show your opposition to the Polish strike-breaking coal exports and the continuing oppression of Solidarnosc by supporting this picket. Bring placards and your union/Labour Party banner. 

A statement signed by the above bodies calling on the Polish government to "declare a moratorium on coal exports during the present sufferings of the British miners" will be handed in to the consulate at the picket.



Tuesday, 5 November 2024

FJU Statement Supporting Platforming of Palestinian Journalists

 

In Support of Platforming Palestinian Journalists


In response to the prevalence of Zionist propaganda regarding the State of Israel’s ongoing genocide in the Gaza Strip, as well as deteriorating economic conditions in the West Bank due to the Israeli occupation’s escalating violence there, the Industrial Workers of the World Freelance Journalists Union calls upon journalists and editors reporting on Palestine to platform Palestinian journalists as sources and to prioritize them for commissions.

At the time of this writing, at least 152 journalists in both Gaza and the West Bank have been killed by Israeli forces since October 2023. Despite the danger, our Palestinian fellow workers risk life and limb every day to show the world the brutality inflicted upon them and their people. Their courage deserves not only our respect and solidarity, but material support.

To that end, the Palestinian Journalists Syndicate (PJS) is willing and able to connect journalists and editors to its English-speaking members. Especially in the last year, the work of Palestinian journalists has been a crucial driver of support for the liberation of Palestine. By offering to make these connections, PJS is providing journalists and editors with a direct line to the people doing that work, as well as a way to ensure that work continues. To be connected with English-speaking PJS members, please contact Shuruq Asad of the union’s general secretariat at: shuruqasad@icloud.com.

Time and time again, we have seen English-speaking news media refuse to acknowledge the State of Israel’s role in murdering our colleagues. Such cowardice has no place in the IWW FJU. We must reject all editorial decisions that fail to frame killing journalists as just that: killing journalists.

As always, the IWW FJU stands in solidarity with our fellow workers in Palestine. Solidarity forever!

Monday, 4 November 2024

FJU Statement on Support for Kurdish Journalists

 

IWW FJU Condemns Attacks on Journalists Reporting in Iraq


On the 23rd of August 2024, a Turkish targeted drone strike hit a car carrying three journalists in the Seyidsadiq district of Sulaymaniyah. Gulîstan Tara and Hêro Bahadîn, were killed and Rebin Baker was injured. Tara was a reporter and Hêro was a video editor. Both were working for CHATR, a production company based in Kurdistan on assignment for Sterk TV, a Norwegian outlet, at the time they were killed.

Following the attack, various media outlets alleged the reporters were members of the Kurdistan Workers’ Party (PKK) but provided no evidence that they were members at the time of their killing. Meeting with sources who may not be aligned with the interests of the states we call home is an integral part of journalism and in no way warrants the targeting of reporters.

The targeting of women who fearlessly raised their voices to document the truth in a region where misogyny has been widespread is also unacceptable. Targeting journalists represents an attack on the truth, and we join numerous other unions and media organizations in condemning this wanton act of state violence.

This is not the first drone strike on journalists in Kurdistan by the Turkish government. Murad Mirza Ibrahim, an employee with the Kurdish media outlet Cira TV, was also killed in a drone strike a month ago. The Jurdiustan Autonomous Region of Iraq is becoming an increasingly dangerous region for the press, and we stand in solidarity with our fellow workers there demanding safer conditions and an end to targeted strikes.

Attacks on the press are unacceptable, and the pattern of targeted drone strikes on our fellow workers constitutes an attack on all of us and our ability to work safely and report the truth. The IWW FJU stands in solidarity with Hero and Tara’s families in their call for justice, and the people of Kurdistan in their calls for peace and an end to the drone war. An injury to one is an injury to all!

Sunday, 3 November 2024

The Resistance Muesuem Tour

 





This Summer I was in Lisbon with some friends, had a lovely time, a strike by bus drivers ensured we got to see some parts of the city not on the tourguide maps while walking in the sunshine[1]. One day, we were walking into the Marina area after riding on the Metro's Green Line, we found a museum commemorating the downfall of Portugal's brutal dictatorial regime. Its called the Museum of Aljube Resistance and Freedom, and its directly behind Lisbon Cathedral, the Cathedral was closed for repairs but you see into the Cathedral from the windows of the Museum.  

This is a collage, the face of one of Amável Vitorino, one of Estado Novo's victims is created from the prisoner ID photographs of many other victims.

Its a small building with four floors, it makes excellent use of its space. The photos were taken by me, so apologies for the blurriness. From 1926 to 1974 Portugal and its colonial possessions (Goa, Angola, Mozambique, Guinea-Bissau, Cape Verde etc.) were ruled by a dictatorial regime established by Antonio Salazar. The period before 1926 was also marked with military seizures of power and instability. In 1933 Salazar cemented his grip on power by establishing the Estado Novo (New State) which just barely outlived him before crashing down when the military revolted in what is known as the Carnation Revolution.

The Museum outlines the chronology of this brutal state and its many acts of violence and repression against its own populations. One floor is dedicated to the Portuguese Colonial wars as Salazar attempted to keep his colonies under direct control.

The first rooms have information in Portugeuse only, but everything else has English translations available and audio guides are also available for other languages. They also explain just how Portugal could remain under such a brutal regime for so long, they give evidence of Salazar's collaboration with the Allied Powers during WWII despite his Fascistic leanings, and how during the Cold War his regime's fanatical opposition to Communism gained him important allies in the United States. 

One thing I did notice though, is a sort of reticience to acknowledge the political characters of the resistance to Estado Novo, often the groups are named but there was no attempt to explain them beyond their names. I got a sense that the Musuem was trying to depoliticise the revolt against dictatorship. For example the hi-jacking of the passenger ship Santa Maria has a segment of the wall dedicated to it as it was a very important action of the resistance that brought international attention to the often overlooked situation in Portugal. And DRIL (Iberian Revolutionary Liberation Directory) is named but there's no information given beyond the name. Which is a little odd since the website of the Museum does give abit more information.

The Santa Maria action carried out by DRIL

The one exception I can recall was a wall featuring newspapers published within the Portuguese prison system, the groups publishing the papers emboldened their masts with symbols representing the groups and some had taglines about specific political oreintations.

Possibly, I'm being too cynical, the politics of the resistance was confusing and secterian, I remember reading in Impossible Revolution how the Moscow backed Communist Party was attacked more often in 74 by Maoists then the embittered supporters of Estado Novo. Giving this subject the space to make sense of it would be a tricky proposition for a small building. The gift shop was also full of books written by former prisoners and participants of the Carnation Revolution so perhaps it is there that the subject is given more attention.

I'll finish with a handful of photos that didn't turn out too bad.






This is a diagram of methods of torture employed by the political police PIDE
 

 

 

 
Police attack a demonstration of women and children who were supporting their striking husbands/fathers

 

A photograph of Queen Elizabeth II meeting Antonio Salazar in 1957.
_______________________________________________________

1: If like me you have some mobility issues I'd strongly recommend taking a stick with you, Lisbon is built on several hills and most of the streets are cobbled.

Monday, 28 October 2024

How Hitler Came to Power - Kaj la nazioj prenis la potencon

 

Key figures in Hitler's rise to power, Left to right, Dietrich Klagges, Alfred Hugenberg, Paul von Hindenburg and Franz von Papen

A translation of Johann Chapoutot's article for Le Monde Diplomatique

 

Contrary to the popular belief, Adolph Hitler was not empowered by a popular vote. Instead, his rise was thanks to frequent parliamentary crisis and moral panics exploited by a press controlled by a far right magnate and the willing support of key industrialists and bankers. They all shared a desire to break the electoral momentum of the left and kill the social state.

 The installation of the Nazis on the 30th of January 1933 was the gravest trauma to the conscience of every democrat. In the West Germany was a nation of high culture, science, research and technology, full of music, literature and philosophical glory and Nobel Prizes. It was also proudly the country with the oldest and most well-organised left wing movement in the world. With large Social Democratic and Communist Trade Unions and parties to match, who through their activism in the case of the Social Democratic Party (SPD) or the mere fact of its existence in regard to the Communist Party (KPD) managed to establish an advanced social democratic system by 1918-1919. But by 1920 the "Weimar Coalition" established by the SPD, German Democratic Party (DPP) and the Catholic Centre Party (DZP) had weakened electorally and was quickly replaced by moderate or right wing majorities, who strived to undo the progressive measure and social gains. In addition, the Social Democratic President Friedrich Ebert died in the middle of his mandate and was replaced in 1925 by the living fossil, the General Field Marshal Paul von Hindenburg, although in accordance with the law he swore loyalty to the Constitution and kept that oath.

The Treaty of Versailles and the contempt it inspired in many nations and costly economic reparations did not create an auspicious international situation. Despite that background, the German Democratic, Liberal and Parliamentary Republic worked to develop a democratic culture through regular balloting at the national level, within the federal states and through interparty dialogue. In fact, it was a coalition of the right and left headed by Gustav Stresemann (DVP, right wing) which in the Autumn of 1923 confronted the Occupation of the Ruhr, hyperinflation and the collapse of the German currency. This same coalition also faced several insurrections (Rhineland separatists tried to copy the Bolshevik revolution, and a failed putsch by Nazis in Bavaria). Once again since the 28th of June 1928 another grand coalition of parties helmed by Herman Muller (SPD) ran the German government. The great economic crisis (Wall Street crash) struck Germany in the Autumn of 1929. Its intensity destroyed the government when the right wing parties pushed for budget austerity while the left pushed for increasing unemployment benefits.

When no party could succeed in building a parliamentary majority, a small circle of advisers to the President, military officers, large landowners, industrialists and bankers, moved to alter normal constitutional practice and carried out a sort of permanent coup supported by the personal prestige and importance of Hindenburg.  The right ruled through Presidential cabinets, often ignoring the Reichstag. Indeed, Article 48.2[1] of the 1919 Constitution permitted the head of state to enact laws by decree, even though this practice undermined democratic customs. It was supposed to be used only in periods of extreme danger, Ebert had used it often between 1919-23 to confront Communist and right wing insurrections. Now it was being used to push through budgetary measures that were extremely anti-social, cutting assistance for the unemployed and other welfare programs, and sector wide cuts to minimum wages.


Rebuilding the Army

In the opinion of the circle around the President, Brüning had made serious by continuing with austerity, his policy of transferring vast tracts of uncultivated lands in Germany's east as much of that land belonged to Germany's major landowners. Hindenburg was one of them: the majority of his social circle consisted of Junkers the landed nobility of Prussia and members of the army. In addition, there were tactical disagreements on how to handle the National Socialist Workers Party (NSDAP), after a failed attempt to negotiate with the Nazis Brüning decided to outlaw them by a decree passed in April 1932, this decree targetted the Nazis paramilitary groups the Storm troopers (SA) and the SS. General Kurt von Schleicher a high ranking military officer with influence in the Hindenburg clique disagreed with this policy, he considered the Nazi armed forces essential to defeat the Communists in the streets and rebuild the German army. In the brownshirt wearing street fighters, he saw high quality "human material" for the new German army the military high command dreamed of.  That dream looked more realistic in 1932 after the reparation payments mandated by Versailles had ended and there was renewed hope that a relaxation of the cap on troop numbers of the Reichswehr (the new name of the German armed forces) that limited it to 100,000 men would soon follow. Secret intrigues, behind the scenes meetings, secret contacts and plots made behind the back of Brüning to weaken him and General Wilhelm Groener the Minister for Defence and the Internal Security, both were targetted due to their support for a ban on the Nazi paramilitary groups. In June 1932 these intrigues succeeded in toppling Brüning's Administration and nominating a new Chancellor Von Papan, as well as a new Cabinet in record time!

 Papen was almost a political unknown: A member of Zentrum, (the Centre party) he was a Landtag deputy for the Prussian state parliament, Prussia was the most important state within the German Federal system, but Papen was discreet in method. An Aristocrat, ex-officer and businessman, he also had contacts and influence, he was also a member of the Herrenklub, a private members club whose membership were powerful and well-connected right wing businessman, state functionaries and military officers. To Schleicher he seemed the perfect figurehead ("I do not want a head, but a hat" he once said regarding this question of governance) to carry out his work of collaboration with the Nazis. Papen fulfilled this task by making the SA and SS legal once again, though when the Nazis carried out a massacre in the Summer of 1932, murdering over a hundred left-wing activists and sympathisers and some passers-by using bullets and clubs Papen was forced to pass a special decree outlawing political violence which specifically carried an unappealable death sentence. Regarding economic and social policy he had his own ideas: he continued the dismantling of welfare policies and supported economic subsidies and tax cuts for major companies, he carried out these policies under another law by decree on the 5th of September 1932. Papen, together with his circle of conspirators which including one of the "Great theorists" of Conservative Revolution Edgard Jung and Carl Schmitt[2], considered ending the system of parilamentary democracy in Germany entirely. After the dissolution of the Reichstag and the election of the 31st of July 1933 this right wing clique expreienced severe opposition, the Nazis held 230 deputies around a hundred more seats than previously. Papen's government lost a confidence vote and his government fell by an overwhelming majority, elections were once again held in Germany.

The attempt to keep the Nazis under control

The next election which was held on the 6th of November showed the continuance of the decline of the liberal right, but just as important the Nazis lost 36 deputies to the DNVP (German National People's Party, an extreme conservative party). The DNVP was also a far right party whose leader Alfred Hugenberg was even more anti-worker than Hitler, just not as charismatic. He was also much older than Hitler and in every respect lived like the shameless bourgeois and held extreme reactionary views throughout his life. He was a racist, an antisemite and a German ultranationalist. A former President of the Krupp firm, he had been a vocal advocate of German territorial expansion and the colonisation of Polish lands before the First World War. After the War he became a mass media magnate, purchasing twelve newspapers including weeklies and monthlies, and a film studio (Deulig, renamed UFA) which produced a newsreel service to show in the cinemas before the films. By standardising the contents of his media mouthpieces (to reduce costs and sure up ideological coherence) Hugenberg succeeded in distressing the German population and stimulating a moral panic over "Cultural Bolshevism" the Herald of homosexuality, modern art, feminism, and the corruption of youth, and the spectre of "Judeo-Bolshevism" a greedy force set on the ceasing of private property and the destruction of Christianity. Hugenberg radicalised the right wing of Germany and legitimised the Nazi party. A defender of the unification of the Right, in 1929 he associated with NSDAP members as part of a campaign against the Young Plan (a plan to restructure the remaining reparations) by uniting the right wing parties in a campaign through a popular referendum. Later, he created the Harzburg Front, a short-lived political alliance which proved in October 1931 that the Nazis were now respectable enough to appear alongside the worthy representatives of the banks, industry, military and the traditional right.

In November 1932 the right was hesitating over choosing the best way forward to maintaining the existing social order and make Germany a military power again, while also confronting what was in their eyes the most serious danger: the growth of the Communist party's voting base. Which continued to grow in the Autumn of 1932 while Nazi support declined. 

By August 1932 in the aftermath of an election that was aa disaster for Papen's government the Hindenburg right were left with two choices. The first option was to bring the Nazis fully into the coalition of state administration, something which Brüning had already proposed at the start of 1932 and which Papen now offered again to Hitler. The Problem: Since the Nazi party was the largest in the Reichstag, a fact reinforced by the elections in November, Hitler demanded the position of Chancellor in the proposed new government, this was something that Hindenburg opposed on principle, Hitler was pushing for a cabinet filled exclusively with Nazi party appointments while Hindenburg desired a broad coalition of the German right. Hindenburg also personally disliked Hitler, too Austrian for his Prussian character, an upstart Corporal who lacked deference for his Field Marshal rank, too bombastic and Catholic for Hindenburg's restrained and Protestant nature etc. The second option was to once again dissolve parliament (the third time in less than six months!) and hold another undated call for elections in violation of article 25 of the Constitution which outlined a maximum period of 60 days to hold new elections[3]. Meanwhile the Government continued to carry out its policy by resorting exclusively to law by decree. In the event of strong extra-parliamentary opposition (strikes, street demonstrations, insurrections) a state of emergency would be declared with the army tasked with restoring order. But in December 1932 the Army declared that it was incapable of handling the threat posed by the Communists and Nazis if a foreign power chose to invade as well.

But, there was a third option. General Kurt von Schleicher, Chancellor since the 3rd of December 1932 proposed adopting a political programe that was social and nationalistic to convince Gregor Strasser the Nazi party number 2 to join the governing colation. Strasser had been disatisfied with his position within the party and the decline in support for the Nazis with voters and the Unions. He also returned to Brüning's old plan of using agrarian reform to combat unemployment, which angered Hindenburg and his closest advisers. Papen supported intrigues against Schleicher with the help of landowners, bankers and industrialists, who had been publicly advocating Hitler be given the Chancellorship since the 19th of November 1932. On the 4th of January 1933, a secret meeting was held by the banker Kurt von Schröder, the meeting decided upon organising a new goverment of the Right, Hitler as Chancellor, Papen as Vice Chancellor. The government would promote a "National politics" and oppose "Anti-national elements" and support private business interests. For over a year and a half Hitler had repeated meetings with important businessmen to reassure them that the Nazi party was not a social party and certainly not a socialist one, he was in fact the leader of political party that believed in re-armament, economic growth and the conquest of new markets in the East.

This was the chosen solution to the crisis. On noon on the 30th of January 1933 the new government took its oaths in front of Hindenburg who had been won over by the promise of Papen to keep Hitler under control and by the fact that since 1930 there were already three State goverments within Germany established through coalitions of the Nazis and the wider right[4]. On the 31st of January Hindenburg signed another decree for dissolution and call for what he hoped would be the last election. The democratic government of Article 48.2 would die and be replaced by a new openly Authoritarian government, one in which the traditional German Right, (Liberals and National Conservatives) and the Nazis unanimously desired. 

Johan Chapotout


 

 

 1: Art. 48. If a state fails to perform the duties imposed upon it by the federal constitution or by federal law, the President . . may enforce performance with the aid of the armed forces.
If public order and security are seriously disturbed or endangered within the Federation, the President . . may take all necessary steps for their restoration, intervening, if need be, with the aid of the armed forces. For the said purpose he may suspend for the time being, either wholly or in part, the fundamental rights described in Articles 114, 115, 117, 118, 123, 124, and 153.

2: A lifelong advocate of authoritarianism and dictatorship, Schmitt became a leading and active supporter of the Nazi party and its legal system. After WWII, Schmitt refused to work with denazification policies and retained link's with Fascist Spain.

3: Art. 25. The President of the Federation may dissolve the Reichstag, but only once for any one cause.
The general election is held not later than on the sixtieth day after dissolution.

4: Five Federal states had Nazi governments before Hitler's rise to power nationally, I'm not sure which three are referenced here though I believe they would be the Free State of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, the Free State of Brunswick, and the Free State of Thuringia, it was also the governor of Brunswick Dietrich Klagges who suceeded in granting Hitler German citizenship clearing several constitutional barriers to his participation in German politics.





Friday, 18 October 2024

Lord Sugar

Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher meeting key economic ally General Jaruzelski dictator of the People's Republic of Poland

 I saw one of those strange "Why I left the left" type posts on Twitter the other day, one of those that go "In my rebellious youth I used to be X, but now I'm older and wiser" type messages that go onto to establish that they probably never were X and its coin flip whether they were never really committed to it or just making it up as a cheap rhetorical device. In this particular case, it was a twitter stalinist explaining how they were once an anarchist and are now, thanks to Historical Materialism, ™ seen the sterile light of Marxism-Leninism-whateverism.

It got me thinking of my dear stepdad and his life. I knew him as a sweet and mild man with a doddy sense of humour, but in his youth in the 70s and early 80s he was a punk rocker with a bright blue Mohawk and went on demos and protests to ban the bomb and end unemployment. One day I asked what had changed and explained. It started with getting a regular job, nothing like the monotony of wage labour to eat a way at your vitality and free expression!

This job was with British Sugar, he worked at a depot loading freight and then unloading them. The job was not great, if you've done manual work in factories or in logistics you'll know, it's monotonous and tiring, but it was steady employment, and he cracked on, he always had a reputation for being a grafter. No, the reason this job lead to a complete change in outlook and attitude for him was because one day he noticed something odd, the sugar he was unloading was the same sugar he had been loading for hours on end. The sugar was untouched the only difference was that it was covered in customs marks from the Soviet Union, the USSR was an importer of British Beet sugar as trade between Western and Eastern Europe was extensive and grew throughout the period.

You might be wondering why this would be a source of epiphany, well for shipments in Tons to cross international borders and work in a cycle as regularly as it did had to be a corruption scheme. And what made it worse was for millions of Tons of goods to be used in this manner required the active participation of officials on both sides, at least that's how he saw it. Keep in mind this was the Cold War where people walked around with the threat of Nuclear annihilation, and yet both the Thatcher's Britain and the Soviet Union, supposedly irreconcilable enemies and totally alien societies were wasting hours of labour and millions of Pounds/Rubles lining the pockets of minor officials.

 In effect, he was given direct, first-hand proof that the world he lived in and believed was a con. And he wasn't wrong, it goes beyond sugar, contrary to popular myths that North American Neo-Stalinists and Regan mourners keep a live the powers that be were willing to make money out of the international working class (this part editorialising here, he never used this kind of language) and so all this talk of revolution was nothing but hot air.

I've chosen the image above for an important reason, that is Margaret Thatcher and General Jaruzelski, apart from a photo-op the connections ran so deep that in 1984-5 when Thatcher was fighting to destroy the Miners and then the wider British Workers Movement she turned to Apartheid South Africa and "Communist Poland" for help. Coal Mining was the backbone of the Polish economy for many years, and they could deliver.

“UK imports of Polish house coal have been running at almost double their usual rate since the beginning of the year.  If the strike had not taken place about 130,000 tonnes of Polish house coal would have been imported this year.  But traders say that   so far 100,000 tonnes have been landed, and the final total for the year to likely to be 200.000 tonnes.  Cawoods, part of the Redland Group, based at Cheltenham, confirmed yesterday that it had placed an order for 30,000 tonnes of domestic coal.  It had purchased individual cargoes of Polish coal previously but this is its first long term contract.” (17th May 1984)
Financial Times, sourced from https://ukrainesolidaritycampaign.org/2015/04/12/how-stalinism-helped-defeat-the-great-miners-strike-in-1984-85/

 It couldn't be more clear, the Actual Existing Record of Actually Existing Socialism is one of scabbing on and international scale, during the Miners Strike the arch Cold Warrior Thatcher was vulnerable like never before, and yet the vanguard of world socialism just took advantage to double their pre-existing contracts. 

My step-dad held several jobs learning the trades before jacking it all in to become a self-employed Handyman, he ended his work life as a window cleaner enjoying the lack of a boss and the freedom to tell abusive customers where to stick it. Not a viable path to emancipation for the dispossessed but it was he own personal victory on a system that took him and the rest of us for a mug.



 

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